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Apart from this logistical delay, the EHT team has spent many months first studying the combined data to make sure that all the detrimental effects that could degrade the event horizon image are fully understood. These effects include turbulence in the Earth’s atmosphere as well as random noise and spurious signals added by our own instrumentation. To do this, we use EHT observations of bright quasars (much more distant and brighter cosmic sources observed along with our main targets: Sgr A* and the more massive black hole in galaxy M 87) to calibrate the array. These are sources that have known structure -- or appearance on the sky -- so astronomers can estimate the instrumental effects and compensate for them as they analyze and make images from the raw data.
EHT scientists have been using data from these calibrators to refine techniques for processing the combined data into images. Independent teams within the EHT have developed novel algorithms to convert the raw VLBI data into maps of radio emission on the sky. Using EHT data on the quasars to test these new methods, the teams are all now producing very similar images, giving us confidence that the tools developed over the past year are robust enough to be applied to Sgr A* and M 87 -- black holes large enough that we may be able to see ’silhouettes’ of their event horizons.
Though our EHT collaboration has grown to now include over 200 members, many of us have been occupied recently with planning and carrying out new observations this month. Since we can observe only once per year, during a period of good weather at both Northern and Southern hemisphere sites, many of us have to divert our attention to planning global operations. This April the EHT re-observed Sgr A* and M 87 using an array that included a telescope in Greenland for the first time and captured twice the amount of data recorded in 2017. These new observations, with a greatly improved EHT, will allow us to study changes in our target black hole sources, as well as confirm any results from the 2017 data.
"Anything you do can be fixed. What you cannot fix is the perfection of a blank page. What you cannot fix is that pristine, unsullied whiteness of a screen or a page with nothing on it—because there’s nothing there to fix."
I don't think it's a joke. It fits more or less with the timeline they had announced last year and they've already published some preliminary results (https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/aaf732/meta ) They better not be messing with us!
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"Anything you do can be fixed. What you cannot fix is the perfection of a blank page. What you cannot fix is that pristine, unsullied whiteness of a screen or a page with nothing on it—because there’s nothing there to fix."
Also: prepare for the HSS (which stands for Hyper Solar Storm).
At that time the magnetic field created by the Storm will cause every electrical power plant to stop. General blackout out there on the whole planet FOR MONTHS!!!. This will also cause all batteries internals to melt, all CDIs an TIs (in cars, bikes, etc.) to die out, TV and computer screens to implode, all data on electronic supports (HD USB, etc.) to be lost and the lithium batteries to explode (including the one in the Verichip or RFID chip they will by then have implanted under your skin, causing you to die within 12 hours in horrific pains (lithium travelling in your blood to your heart and brain).
I'm not joking and wouldn't like to mess with anybody about this!!! An HSS already happened on Earth, centuries ago, but then, there were only horses to carry us...
Also: prepare for the HSS (which stands for Hyper Solar Storm).
At that time the magnetic field created by the Storm will cause every electrical power plant to stop. General blackout out there on the whole planet FOR MONTHS!!!. This will also cause all batteries internals to melt, all CDIs an TIs (in cars, bikes, etc.) to die out, TV and computer screens to implode, all data on electronic supports (HD USB, etc.) to be lost and the lithium batteries to explode (including the one in the Verichip or RFID chip they will by then have implanted under your skin, causing you to die within 12 hours in horrific pains (lithium travelling in your blood to your heart and brain).
I'm not joking and wouldn't like to mess with anybody about this!!! An HSS already happened on Earth, centuries ago, but then, there were only horses to carry us...
Without any specific knowledge on physics, just by common understanding, I have always wondered, how our civilization substantially and fully relies on electricity and electronic base that could be cosmically blown away anytime.
Last thing I noticed in this regard was a transmission regarding eventual shift of earths magnetic poles, suggesting that the shield would still keep common dimensions of solar winds from coming through.
However, by only just presented bits it already appeared rather like wishful thinking than anything.
Back to outages ... Just to think of all the nuclear reactors and warheads out of control ... Not to think of "minor" items like dams, locks etc. And all those manufacturing and processing plants laying idle.
The latest clue of total relying ought to be owners of Tesla vehicles locked inside, due to no mechanical option left to open a door.
The carelessness about this matter only indicates general detouched being that is currently about to turn the planet into an inorganic and lifeless one. -
What I´d like to know: How would reasonable prophylaxis against HSS globally be looking like? Right: Even just most rudimentary overcoming ones.
Life is not safe and very fragile in universe. But that doesn't mean we have to go back to stone edge and live in caves and turn off electricity.
You just have to keep going and prepare as best as you can, knowing that there is no guaranty for anything here. Some sort of gigantic cosmic fart could kill us all instantly anytime, just like you could just get hit by a truck when you cross a street. But you still keep crossing streets, cause you have to.
As far as CME is concerned: best thing we can do is optimize space weather forecast by sending better probes to sun and have more time for preparation in such events, by having knowledge in advance. In addition optimize protection on earth as best as we can.
On the other hand, when I think about it, a few months off internet and no electricity would be kinda therapeutic for humanity these days.
Also: prepare for the HSS (which stands for Hyper Solar Storm).
At that time the magnetic field created by the Storm will cause every electrical power plant to stop. General blackout out there on the whole planet FOR MONTHS!!!. This will also cause all batteries internals to melt, all CDIs an TIs (in cars, bikes, etc.) to die out, TV and computer screens to implode, all data on electronic supports (HD USB, etc.) to be lost and the lithium batteries to explode (including the one in the Verichip or RFID chip they will by then have implanted under your skin, causing you to die within 12 hours in horrific pains (lithium travelling in your blood to your heart and brain).
Mm-hmmm. I especially like the scaremongering about the Lithium batteries exploding, including in the supposed RFID chip inside a body. Please do explain the physics of why that would happen.
Brothers, I will share some uncommon and little known information with you.
The consequences of an HSS are:
1) The violent spread of an extremely powerful electromagnetic impulse or energy (E.M.I).
This means the energetic action will destroy all the modern technologies that work with electricity aswell as all electromagnetic components. This will cause huge damage: the power of the energy will be such that electrical powerplants won't resist...nor nuclear plants. Not all nuclear plants though, just the old ones that were not designed to face such apocalyptic conditions. Actually the blackout will last for several months and the cooling systems are monitored with electrical or electromagnetical devices. This will cause considerable overheating in the primary tank that will inevitably lead to the explosion of the nuclear plant in the short term.
As to all batteries, they will implode/explode, making the lithium-based ones horribly dangerous to have/own in a house, car, motorbike, van, etc. The implanted 2 microns RFID chip was designed to automatically reload thanks to the human electromagnetic field but at the time it implodes/explodes, the lithium will be released in the body (as mentioned in my earlier post) causing death within 12 hours in horrendous pains...
2) Magnetic inversion.
First, the magnetic inversion will cause the planet to stop, before it starts again in one sense or the other. The magnetic north pole will then be in the south...
The signs of a pending HSS are:
1) Red skies becoming darker.
2) A rise in temperature giving the impression of a 'heat wave' (60+ Celsius degrees in some areas) immediately followed by a deadly cold wave as soon as darkness takes the world over.
3) Dogs will bark to death.
4) Repeated loud noises like thunder during storms (hey, this will be a Hyper Solar STORM after all).
On the other hand, when I think about it, a few months off internet and no electricity would be kinda therapeutic for humanity these days.
lol
Anyways, we're talking here about low-probability/high-impact risks. It's not surprising they tend to take a back seat to high-probability risks. Of course, the probability changes if you extend the time scale, so it's good to prepare for those risks and the sooner the better. Same thing with large asteroid impacts. There's that joint NASA-ESA mission coming up soon (2023 I believe) where they're going to attempt to deflect an asteroid. That, combined with improvements in how we map space and know what's out there, will reduce the risks of an extinction-level event.
For geomagnetic storms, space weather forecasting is rapidly improving. NASA already has systems in place to warn electrical utilities so that they can best respond to incoming power surges. I also remember reading of a proposal to set up a geomagnetic deflector at one of Earth's L-points. Not sure where they're at with that now. Forecasting and deflection seem to be the way to go for a lot of hazards coming in from space.
@sartorius
quote:
the magnetic inversion will cause the planet to stop, before it starts again
hm no. The causal relationship is the other way around isn't it? The Earth isn't spinning because it has a magnetic field. It has a magnetic field because it's spinning. Magnetic reversal won't "cause the planet to stop".
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"Anything you do can be fixed. What you cannot fix is the perfection of a blank page. What you cannot fix is that pristine, unsullied whiteness of a screen or a page with nothing on it—because there’s nothing there to fix."
They say we are overdue for a geomagnetic pole flip which will expose us to nasty space radiation and fry all the mobile phones while they are flipping. And we are over due for an ice age. But if we can just make it to April 10th to see the results I can die happy.
just back to the old topic if someone havent mentioned yet. the big bang didnt happen. the initial size of the universe had to be quarter of current size according to physical laws. so actualy it could happen but the initial size wasnt an atom. you mentioned we shouldnt go back to caves. you are half right. the other half of the truth is we should all return to tropics/africa. we are supposed to have nothing than nature. funny proof is, there in tropics tey still live almost without anything man made. except cities.
"Given the extensive impact geomagnetic storms can have on the electric grid and power supply, preventative measures that may mitigate the effect of these storms are important. The JASON Defense Advisory Panel Report recommends establishing a space weather monitoring program for CMEs and ensuring the safety of vital grid components with protective installations.
Currently, four space satellites (SOHO - Solar and Heliospheric Observatory, ACE – Advanced Composition Explorer, and STEREO A/B – Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory) monitor the Sun. Situated between the Sun and Earth or along Earth’s orbit, these satellites can provide warnings of incoming CMEs on a timescale of a few days to hours. These warnings allow electric grid operators to take protective measures (i.e., decrease the electric load in the grid and increase reactive power production) before the storm hits. However these satellites are all several years past their planned mission lives and only one has a replacement scheduled to launch in 2014.
Additionally, several steps can be taken to harden the electric grid against geomagnetically induced currents: neutral-current-blocking capacitors can be installed to block GIC from flowing into at-risk transformers, series-line capacitors can be installed on autotransformers, improvements can be made to the tripping techniques to avoid false tripping from GIC harmonics, and the utilisation of GIC monitors at transformers will ensure that current levels remain stable.
Since the 1989 Quebec storm and power outage, the Canadian government has invested $1.2 billion (about $34 per person) into protecting the Hydro-Quebec grid infrastructure, installing numerous blocking capacitors. While these mitigation strategies can be expensive up front (estimated cost of $100k per blocking capacitor for a total of $100 million to protect the 1,000 most vulnerable transformers), the cost of prevention is much smaller than the cost of the damage a single storm can create."
- Solar storm risk to the North American electric grid (Lloyd's / Atmospheric and Environmental Research)
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"Anything you do can be fixed. What you cannot fix is the perfection of a blank page. What you cannot fix is that pristine, unsullied whiteness of a screen or a page with nothing on it—because there’s nothing there to fix."
ORIGINAL: spain just back to the old topic if someone havent mentioned yet. the big bang didnt happen. the initial size of the universe had to be quarter of current size according to physical laws. so actualy it could happen but the initial size wasnt an atom.
Which laws are these?
There are two flaws in the statement that the universe was a quarter of the present size at the big bang.
1. It is not known that the universe is finite in size. If in fact it is infinite, then "a quarter of the current size of the universe" is a meaningless phrase.
2. We do know approximately the size of the observable universe. It is a finite number, 43-billion light years, so speaking of 1/4 of it is sensible. However, at the so-called "epoch of recombination" when the cosmic background radiation originated, the part of the universe we can now observe was then only 1/500 of its present size.
i dont know which law it is, but i trust to at least one physic who says, if the big bang happened, the universe would end as one giant black hole. also logicaly the statement that whole universe expanded from an atom is probably nonsense. he also says the universe is not expanding, but rotating around itself. as everything in it rotates.
i dont know which law it is, but i trust to at least one physic who says, if the big bang happened, the universe would end as one giant black hole. also logicaly the statement that whole universe expanded from an atom is probably nonsense. he also says the universe is not expanding, but rotating around itself. as everything in it rotates.
None of the three claims contained in your paragraph are things that physicists specializing in that area claim. In fact they are going to probably get even a graduate student in physics laughed out of his or her program. Hell - even an undergraduate! - "universe expanded from an ATOM" Have you been reading the INTERNETS again??
I assume he meant that it was something of the size of an atom, not an actual atom? If so, it's something I've also heard quite a few times (actually, that it was significantly smaller than an atom). Dunno if it's just bad science communication (lots of that out there unfortunately) or if that's close to what the models show.
Here's a study from 2 years ago that looked into universal rotation (as a subset of possibilities in which the universe could be anisotropic): https://arxiv.org/pdf/1605.07178.pdf They concluded that it was highly unlikely (odds of 121,000:1 against).
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"Anything you do can be fixed. What you cannot fix is the perfection of a blank page. What you cannot fix is that pristine, unsullied whiteness of a screen or a page with nothing on it—because there’s nothing there to fix."
"Given the extensive impact geomagnetic storms can have on the electric grid and power supply, preventative measures that may mitigate the effect of these storms are important. The JASON Defense Advisory Panel Report recommends establishing a space weather monitoring program for CMEs and ensuring the safety of vital grid components with protective installations.
Currently, four space satellites (SOHO - Solar and Heliospheric Observatory, ACE – Advanced Composition Explorer, and STEREO A/B – Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory) monitor the Sun. Situated between the Sun and Earth or along Earth’s orbit, these satellites can provide warnings of incoming CMEs on a timescale of a few days to hours. These warnings allow electric grid operators to take protective measures (i.e., decrease the electric load in the grid and increase reactive power production) before the storm hits. However these satellites are all several years past their planned mission lives and only one has a replacement scheduled to launch in 2014.
Additionally, several steps can be taken to harden the electric grid against geomagnetically induced currents: neutral-current-blocking capacitors can be installed to block GIC from flowing into at-risk transformers, series-line capacitors can be installed on autotransformers, improvements can be made to the tripping techniques to avoid false tripping from GIC harmonics, and the utilisation of GIC monitors at transformers will ensure that current levels remain stable.
Since the 1989 Quebec storm and power outage, the Canadian government has invested $1.2 billion (about $34 per person) into protecting the Hydro-Quebec grid infrastructure, installing numerous blocking capacitors. While these mitigation strategies can be expensive up front (estimated cost of $100k per blocking capacitor for a total of $100 million to protect the 1,000 most vulnerable transformers), the cost of prevention is much smaller than the cost of the damage a single storm can create."
- Solar storm risk to the North American electric grid (Lloyd's / Atmospheric and Environmental Research)
Thank you, Piwin. That is what I wanted to know.
So there are ways to at least somewhat protect public grid and supply. (While devices at chains end -I suppose- can´t be protected. ... Other than putting them into containers of shielding material of the kind I know for instance a company in the Netherlands produces. ... Too expensive for your average household, but maybe viable for special demands like with medical electronics in hospitals, etc.)
Seeing the expenses quoted (yet, for a country like Canada, hence, lots of area / distance at low density of population = higher costs per head), it should be matter of course to see such measures taken everywhere as urban standard.
Such a standard not being in place in spite of potential consequences to communities and their budgets, indicates where priority of safety and public benefit actually reside. Respectively, where it is at with realistic representation of the people.
Whereas in the truth of plutocracy, worries about consequences hardly exist (at an proportion roughly equal with worldwide prophylaxis taken) while any potential damage counts as another common option of margin dorado in supplying repair and renewing to states and communities, whilst public´s bleeding after robbed state´s budgets hardly ever proves to be of relevance.
I (dis)like to state that the dimension of given HSS prophylaxis indicates the existing measure of democracy.
Societies, socio-economy and reason that would be of and for the people, including social / ethical justice, systemic education / communications and untouched voting are as far from given options like sun from the earth.
While devices at chains end -I suppose- can´t be protected
Dunno. There are so many different end users for electricity that I'd imagine some could and others couldn't. This report was concerned only with the power grid so it didn't say anything about devices of end users. For a private individual though I don't think you're risking much in terms of your own electronic equipment. From what I gather, there's a relationship of proportionality between the current induced by a geomagnetic storm and the length of the conductor. So household devices really wouldn't be the most at risk (provided you're disconnected from the main power grid?). Plus, devices like your PC already have some degree of protection (metal casing). And if you really don't want to risk losing your music/pictures, time to bring out good old CDs :-).
From what I was reading last night, it seems that the two major issues would be power outages and disruption of communications (satellites I guess?). Apparently the effects would vary greatly according to where you are on Earth. The Lloyd's report I quoted from included maps showing which regions were "at risk" and those that were "safe". One showed the Eastern US coast and, rather inconveniently, it seems like the most at risk areas were those where everyone lives, namely along the DC-New York City axis.
_____________________________
"Anything you do can be fixed. What you cannot fix is the perfection of a blank page. What you cannot fix is that pristine, unsullied whiteness of a screen or a page with nothing on it—because there’s nothing there to fix."
just back to the old topic if someone havent mentioned yet. the big bang didnt happen. the initial size of the universe had to be quarter of current size according to physical laws. so actualy it could happen but the initial size wasnt an atom.
No physicist or cosmologist worth his salt would make the claim posted in your quote above. There are no "physical laws" stating that the universe had to be a "quarter of current size" at the time of the Big Bang, much less the Big Bang didn't happen because the universe already existed (as I read your comment).
And the singularity that led to the Big Bang was not the "size of an atom." It is described as a point with zero volume and infinite density.
This sounds like the garbage one finds all over the internet on every conceivable topic. Next topic for discussion? Chemtrails!
Bill
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And the end of the fight is a tombstone white, With the name of the late deceased, And the epitaph drear, "A fool lies here, Who tried to hustle the East."
While devices at chains end -I suppose- can´t be protected
Dunno. There are so many different end users for electricity that I'd imagine some could and others couldn't. This report was concerned only with the power grid so it didn't say anything about devices of end users. For a private individual though I don't think you're risking much in terms of your own electronic equipment. From what I gather, there's a relationship of proportionality between the current induced by a geomagnetic storm and the length of the conductor. So household devices really wouldn't be the most at risk (provided you're disconnected from the main power grid?). Plus, devices like your PC already have some degree of protection (metal casing). And if you really don't want to risk losing your music/pictures, time to bring out good old CDs :-).
From what I was reading last night, it seems that the two major issues would be power outages and disruption of communications (satellites I guess?). Apparently the effects would vary greatly according to where you are on Earth. The Lloyd's report I quoted from included maps showing which regions were "at risk" and those that were "safe". One showed the Eastern US coast and, rather inconveniently, it seems like the most at risk areas were those where everyone lives, namely along the DC-New York City axis.
Interesting! So: The more surface of the conductor the stronger the induced current, if I got that right.
Then again, as total layman, I´d think that the smaller conducting surface the more sensible / low voltage being the circuit in the same time. Hence, taking less to be fried.
Provided, my thoughts to be of sense, much if not all of devices could be under risk.
- A bit reassuring for me personally, that my super expensive recording gear ought to be less prone as long as not plugged in, which it is not for the time being. If it be vulnerable anyway, that should result into quite some strike to everyone in industrialized realm. (Folks would not even be left with an alarm clock to get up in time. I at least havn´t seen a mechanical one since ~ 50 years or so.)
Regarding killed satellites ... what a blow that´d be. -With replacement being 'so promising to do' while attempt of tidying up with all the dead `projectiles´ up there has only just begun / far from yielding any considerable effects. -From there, on the other hand congrats to nations that verify their new skills by blowing up outdated satellites, while illusionary in the same time to get a hold of emerging whistling small scraps. (Keep in mind: At speeds that make a particle of mere paint cut through metal casings.)
Conclusion: Let´s just hope that HSS won´t occur that soon. Hope -as little a concrete thing that it means- is all that can be had in an irrational world.
Yes hopefully we get a good image announcement on April 10. Pretty cool we had this topic so many years ago and it’s gonna come to an end !
Glad so many physic minded folks jumped in to shut down the pseudoscience experts. If anyone truly scared about solar storms, my student is an expert and I will give you heads up about any thing serious. Mainly pole reversal is we get the northern lights down lower.... it’s happening already. Brief interruption etc no armageddon. My student works for nasa, on the Parker probe. It’s gonna be the fastest thing man ever built due to its insane close orbit to the sun. My kids saw it and put their names on it, pretty cool. It’s already on its way.
@Ruphus Yeah I'm no expert either, at all. Rummaging around last night on sites I consider reliable, I didn't walk away with any clear understanding of how it works. Will have to put more time into it when I get the chance. From what I gleaned the main issue is replacing those parts of the infrastructure that just take a long time to manufacture (satellites, transformers). On other aspects, like nuclear plants, they didn't seem to think it would be much of a problem.
@Ricardo I still use a magnetic compass when I go hiking. It's going to be weird the day north is south! Wait, it just dawned on me: you guys are going to become South America lol
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"Anything you do can be fixed. What you cannot fix is the perfection of a blank page. What you cannot fix is that pristine, unsullied whiteness of a screen or a page with nothing on it—because there’s nothing there to fix."
trying for translation. thought he was talking bout initial size, not sure, althought im interested in that point. quote: the big bang didnt happen, its prohibited by gravity n other physical laws. small n dense universe is by gravity law a black hole, which cannot expand. time in a black hole doesnt passage, its stopped. the arrow of time dont break the horizon of an event and bend back, its left under horizon of an event, according to schwarzschild radius, which for mass of one hundred billion galaxies make quarter of today known universe. the universe had to be always equally dense, evolution been going on from simple forms to complex ones.
the magnetic inversion will cause the planet to stop, before it starts again
hm no. The causal relationship is the other way around isn't it? The Earth isn't spinning because it has a magnetic field. It has a magnetic field because it's spinning. Magnetic reversal won't "cause the planet to stop".
You are right re: Sartorius's claim that the Earth will stop rotating when the magnetic inversion happens, but there is a bit more to the causal relationship regarding the magnetosphere that I think is very interesting.
There are two causes for why the Earth has a magnetosphere in the way it is. The main cause is within the Earth itself - the liquid iron layer between the mantle and the solid iron core at the centre. Because of the Earth being cooled from the outside in, there is large scale convection within the liquid iron layer. It is that mechanism which creates a magnetic field around the Earth. However, the exact nature of it is shaped by the Earth's rotation around its axis, which sort of introduces Coriolis effect to the convection movements and the magnetic field arranges itself (and reinforces itself) roughly along the axis of rotation as a North-South dipole.
If the Earth was not rotating, it will still have a magnetic field - just more chaotic.
However, the reverse is not true. If a rotating planet had no liquid iron layer, it would have a basically zero magnetic field.
One example is Mars. No liquid iron layer. It is a rotating body. But practically zero magnetic field. If the Earth's is "1", that of Mars is AT MOST 2.5 x 10^(-5) of the Earth's.
Now that I looked at this closely as a result of this thread, it makes me wonder how realistic that Mars colonization idea is for the early settlers. One Solar storm and they will be obliterated - no magnetosphere (and no atmosphere). I wonder if the enthusiastic volunteers will get a bit less so upon realizing that.
I tried to find a paper describing the form and strength of the magnetic field around a hypothetical non-rotating planet with a liquid convecting iron layer, but it seems harder to obtain ready numbers - maybe because it is not a realistic scenario so scientists have not looked at it seriously - very unlikely that a planet will end up with zero rotation around itself as the planetary bodies are being created and arranging themselves around a star.
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